Thermal strain of high strength polyethylene fiber in low temperature

High strength polyethylene fiber (Toyobo, Dyneema® fiber: hereinafter abbreviated to DF) has a negative thermal expansion coefficient. Relation between fiber structure and thermal strain of DF used as reinforcement of DF reinforced plastic (DFRP) for cryogenic use was investigated. The crystallinities and orientation angles of several kinds of polyethylene fibers having different modulus from 15 to 134Gpa (herein after abbreviated to DFs) were measured by NMR and X‐ray. We obtained the parameters of the mechanical series‐parallel model composed of crystal and amorphous by crystallinity and modulus. Thermal expansion coefficients of DFs were estimated by mechanical series‐parallel model. All DFs having different modulus showed negative thermal expansion coefficients in the temperature range from 180 to 300K, and absolute values of those markedly increased by increasing tensile modulus of DF. The estimated thermal expansion coefficients showed negative values, and thermal strains showed a similar curve to observed ones mostly. Average thermal expansion coefficients in the temperature range from 180 to 300K estimated by mechanical model agreed with the observed ones. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 93: 2918–2925, 2004     

热处理制度对高ZnO含量的Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系统玻璃析晶及热膨胀系数的影响

以TiO2 ZrO2 P2O5为复合成核剂,采用传统熔融冷却法获得了高ZnO含量的Li2O-A l2O3-SiO2系统的基础玻璃。通过差热分析确定了该玻璃的热处理条件、晶化性能,利用梯温炉实验、X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜对晶化试样的物相和微观结构进行了研究,讨论了热处理制度对玻璃的析晶及热膨胀系数的影响。研究结果表明:含10%(质量分数)ZnO的LAS系统样品玻璃最佳核化温度为(710±2)℃,玻璃的晶化活化能E为(275±2)kJ/mol,晶化指数n为3.11±0.2,样品玻璃在较低温度下失透,并且随着晶化温度升高,样品的热膨胀系数加大。     

Classification of cardiac sound signals using constrained tunable-Q wavelet transform

The features extracted from the cardiac sound signals are commonly used for detection and identification of heart valve disorders. In this paper, we present a new method for classification of cardiac sound signals using constrained tunable-Q wavelet transform (TQWT). The proposed method begins with a constrained TQWT based segmentation of cardiac sound signals into heart beat cycles. The features obtained from heart beat cycles of separately reconstructed heart sounds and murmur can better represent the various types of cardiac sound signals than that from containing both. Therefore, heart sounds and murmur have been separated using constrained TQWT. Then the proposed novel raw feature set has been created by the parameters that have been optimized while constraining the output of TQWT together with that of extracted by using time-domain representation and Fourier–Bessel (FB) expansion of separated heart sounds and murmur. However, the adaptively selected features have been used to obtain the final feature set for subsequent classification of cardiac sound signals using least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) with various kernel functions. The performance of the proposed method has been validated with publicly available datasets and the results have been compared with the existing short-time Fourier transform (STFT) based method. The proposed method shows higher percentage classification accuracy of 94.01 as compared to 93.53 of STFT based method. In comparison with STFT based method, it is noteworthy that the proposed method uses well defined and lower dimensionality of feature vector that can reduce the computational complexity.     

结合相关规则和本体加权图的查询扩展

针对现有信息检索系统查询性能的不足,提出了一种结合相关规则和WordNet本体信息的查询扩展方法.该方法借助相关规则挖掘和WordNet本体信息构建加权词语关系图,并根据加权图的结构和权重信息计算扩展词的重要性.查询时,从这个图中取原查询词的最邻近词作为扩展词来源,选取其中权重最大的p个词返回并进行二次检索.在实现算法的基础上,通过Lucene全文检索器进行实验,将所得的结果值F1与其他算法的结果作比较.比较结果表明,该方法比不作扩展的检索有约16.93％的性能提升.     

SAR车辆信号仿真与微动特性分析

合成孔径雷达(SAR)由于其自身条件的限制,导致在日常的研究中需要人为的在计算机上对其信号进行一些仿真。在得到的仿真信号中包含着目标的微动信号,这些微动信号对应着目标的微动特性,它们是目标的本质属性,是目标特性研究的重点。而微动特性又会受到目标和雷达参数等的影响,因此,需要对不同参数下目标的微动特性进行研究。主要以机载SAR为模型,构建模型仿真,并对目标参数、雷达参数、仿真参数等进行完整的特性分析。其中仿真主要采用散射点模型,运用采样序列分段置零的仿真方法构建仿真模型;再运用时频分析方法对得到的仿真结果进行特性分析;由于场景中很多参数如PRF、车身速度、车轮半径、散射点采样个数、车身运动方向与方位向夹角等会对目标的微动特性产生影响,因此,改变这些参数再用时频分析方法对不同参数下的仿真结果进行分析,并最后对其进行总结来研究目标的微动特性。     

融合查询扩展和动态匹配的集外词检测

目前关键词检测面临的一个主要挑战是集外词问题。由于集外词发音的不确定性导致其检测性能与集内词相差很多。对此,本文提出了一种融合查询扩展和动态匹配的方法来改善集外词检测的性能。首先比较了基于联合多元模型的查询扩展和基于最小编辑距离的动态匹配。考虑到二者潜在的互补性,采用两种融合方法：一种方法是结果融合,分别应用查询扩展和动态匹配并行的检测集外词,然后合并检测结果;另一种是置信度融合,融合最小编辑距离和发音得分构成混合置信度进行集外词的检出与确认。实验结果表明,第二种融合方法的效果更好,系统的品质因数相对提升了19.8%。     

复杂运动目标ISAR成像技术进展与展望

逆合成孔径雷达成像是宽带雷达实现目标信 息获取和精细描述的重要途径,但在成像过程中存在复杂运动导致散焦和成像分辨率不高两 个难题。针对目标复杂运动导致成像散焦问题,本文总结了微动对雷达波调制、进动目标成 像、 三维运动成像、分离部件成像等技术现状;针对成像分辨率不高问题,分析了多频段宽带回 波相参配准、融合成像等技术进展。本文介绍了雷达成像新技术,为解决上述两个难题带来 新的思路和途径,其中,雷达关联成像不依赖于雷达与目标的相对运动,可避免成像的复杂 运动补偿;太赫兹雷达成像容易实现大带宽和窄波束,获得目标精细雷达像。最后对新兴技 术的难点和发展趋势进行了展望。     

复合材料热膨胀成型工艺研究与应用

简要叙述热膨胀工艺的原理和成型工艺过程，对热膨胀芯模的材料性能和设计、制造进行试验，分析影响膨胀压力的因素，并与热压罐成型工艺进行性能对比。以硅橡胶材料制作的芯模与钢模组合使用制备碳纤维复合材料制件，应用效果较好。研究表明，该工艺适用于多腔体复合材料制件的整体共固化成型。     

燃烧法合成高纯度负热膨胀材料ZrW2O8粉体

采用燃烧法在较低温度下成功合成了各向同性的负热膨胀材料ZrW2O8粉体.用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱综合分析和研究了反应过程中炉温、硼酸和尿素含量、W6 与Zr4 的摩尔比对合成ZrW2O8纯度的影响.结果表明:燃烧法可以合成高纯度、粒径为0.5μm的ZrW2O8粉体.燃烧法合成高纯ZrW2O8的最佳条件是:炉温为500℃,硼酸的摩尔分数为10%,(NH2)2CO与(NH4)5H5[H2(WO4)6]·H2O ZrOCl2·8H2O的质量比为2∶1,(NH4)5H5[H2(WO4)6]·H2O与ZrOCl2·8H2O的摩尔比为1∶3.2.所合成的ZrW2O8在50～700℃之间的线膨胀系数a=-5.08×10-6/℃,其线膨胀系数与温度的关系符合方程dL/L0=-1.4×10-2-4.5×10-4T(50℃≤T≤700℃).     

固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料的研究进展

简述了固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料研究近况及重要进展。